Cellulose nanosphere: Preparation and applications of the novel nanocellulose

Over the past few years, cellulose nanosphere (CNS) has gained growing attention and rapid development. As a new type of nanocellulose materials, CNS can be prepared from native cellulose by using methods which have been adopted extensively to prepare the well-known nanocelluloses, i.e., cellulose nanofiber and cellulose nanocrystal. The particular interest is that the regenerated cellulose and mercerized cellulose can also be used as important feedstocks to produce CNS. In this review, the preparation methods of CNS are described and discussed, via both top-down processes, including chemical, mechanical, and enzymolysis ones, and bottom-up processes by using various cellulose I and II starting materials. This review also highlights the researches relative to cellulose composite nanospheres, and summarizes the applications of spherical cellulose-based nanoparticles. Finally, the future challenges and opportunities of CNS are prospected in this work.

近年来，纤维素纳米球（cellulose nanosphere，CNS）受到大量关注并取得快速发展。作为新型纳米纤维素材料，CNS可以使用经典的制备纳米纤维素（如纤维素纳米纤维和纤维素纳米晶）的工艺，以天然纤维素为原料制备。值得注意的是，再生纤维素和丝光化纤维素同样可作为制备CNS的重要原料。本文综述了CNS的制备方法，涵盖自上而下（top-down）的化学、机械及酶解法，以及以不同纤维素原料（I型和II型）为起点的自下而上法（bottom-up）。最后，对CNS未来面临的挑战与发展机遇进行了展望。

期刊：Carbohydrate Polymers

原文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0144861721012509